Piagetian Approach
Jean Piaget named early childhood the preoperational stage. The charactristic development in this second major stage of cognitive development, which lasts form approximately ages 2 to 7, is a great expansion in the use of symbolic thought, or representational ability which first emerges at the end of sensorimotor stage...
Check these links to have some guidance about the way teachers can contribute to the cognitive development of the students:
http://www.ehow.com/info_7914878_piaget-classroom-activities.html
Pay attention to this aswell
http://www.ehow.com/info_7923262_three-learning-theories-young-children.html
I'll be glad to read your comments...everyone is invited to participate !!!!